Nowadays, China is in the period of industrialization, modernization and urbanization. The investment to the infrastructure is increasing which requires the support from construction innovation. Construction innovation is project-based cooperative innovation. The innovation based cooperation not only focuses inside the boundary of project, but also emphasizes the long-term strategic cooperation among the participants of innovation network. Therefore, it is significant to explore the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of construction innovation based on the viewpoint of strategic cooperation. This paper first presents the definition and characteristics of construction innovation. By tracking the international frontiers, the authors studied a great number of literatures on the influence elements of construction innovation. Combining the effort of literature review and expert interview, this present paper identified 20 CSFs for construction innovation, which is verified and perfected by a case study in the end. The findings of this research will be of great importance for guiding the practice of construction innovation in China.