Chinese public air transport market has been undergoing restructuring and marketization since the reform and opening up, which plays a special and significant role in the social and economic aspects of the state. After the enforcement of the Anti-Monopoly Law of China in 2008, the issue of effective regulation on the anticompetitive practices of public air transport market has become the focus of the relevant discussions, in which monopoly agreements and concentration of undertakings play a key part. Only thorough understandings of and insights from the competition motives of relevant industry, markets and enterprises based on comprehensive legal controls, can the relevant anti-monopoly legislation and law enforcement be effectively optimized and improved.